Equations · equation
Gibbs Free Energy
Chemical Thermodynamics · 1876
- Equation
- ΔG = ΔH − T·ΔS
- Field
- Chemical Thermodynamics
- Named After
- Josiah Willard Gibbs
- Year
- 1876
Symbols
ΔG change in free energy — negative means the process can run on its own · ΔH enthalpy change, heat released or absorbed · T absolute temperature · ΔS entropy change
Significance
Will it happen? One number answers: a reaction proceeds spontaneously only if it lowers G, trading released heat against created disorder, with temperature setting the exchange rate. Why ice melts above 0 °C but not below, why ATP powers cells, and the quantity every chemist checks first — from a Yale professor so unassuming he was paid nothing for a decade.
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