Nickel

Ni · Z 28

atomic number: 28
atomic mass: 58.693
notation: Ni
group: 10: Nickel
period: 4
state0c: Solid
state20c: Solid
occurrence: Primordial
density: 8.908
melting pt: 1455
boiling pt: 2913
discovered: 1751
abundance: 84
bio class: Ultratrace
bio role: The active-site metal of urease — the first enzyme ever crystallised — and of the hydrogenases of many bacteria.
ore grade: 12000
ore minerals: pentlandite (sulfides); garnierite and nickel limonite (laterites)
mined as: Primary

extraction

Two ore types, two industries. Sulfides are floated, flash-smelted to matte and refined — Sherritt pressure leaching or the Mond carbonyl process. Laterites, now the larger source, are either smelted in rotary kilns and electric furnaces to ferronickel and nickel pig iron, or pressure-acid-leached (HPAL) to a mixed hydroxide for batteries.

mines

Norilsk–Talnakh Sudbury Basin Sorowako Voisey's Bay Mogalakwena

machines

Stirling Engine Gas Turbine (Jet Engine)Steam Turbine Lithium-Ion Cell Liquid-Propellant Rocket Engine

equations

De Broglie Wavelength Joule Heating Seismic Wave Speeds Magnetic Reynolds Number Chandrasekhar Limit

Referenced by

equation

Chandrasekhar Limit De Broglie Wavelength Joule Heating Magnetic Reynolds Number Seismic Wave Speeds

machine

Gas Turbine (Jet Engine)Liquid-Propellant Rocket Engine Lithium-Ion Cell Steam Turbine Stirling Engine

mine

Mogalakwena Norilsk–Talnakh Sorowako Sudbury Basin Voisey's Bay

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