Life · life

Photosystem II

Enzyme · Mn, Ca, O

Numbers
Four photons per oxygen molecule. Every oxygen atom in the atmosphere has passed through a cluster like this one.
Kind
Enzyme

Function

Uses the energy of four photons to strip four electrons from two water molecules, releasing O₂. The work is done by a cluster of four manganese atoms and one calcium, which cycles through five oxidation states to store up the charge before letting go.

Elements

MnCaO

Open on the Life shelf — the interactive card, the filters, and everything alongside it.

From the Life database in Notion, last edited 2026-08-25. This page is the row, rendered by the build; nothing on it is written by hand.