Periodic Table · element
Manganese
Mn · Z 25
- atomic number
- 25
- atomic mass
- 54.938
- notation
- Mn
- group
- 7: Manganese
- period
- 4
- state0c
- Solid
- state20c
- Solid
- occurrence
- Primordial
- density
- 7.21
- melting pt
- 1250
- boiling pt
- 2061
- discovered
- 1774
- abundance
- 950
- bio class
- Trace
- ore grade
- 350000
- ore minerals
- pyrolusite, braunite, rhodochrosite; manganese nodules on the seabed
- mined as
- Primary
bio role
In the oxygen-evolving complex of photosystem II: the four-manganese cluster that splits water, and so the source of every oxygen atom in the air.
extraction
High-grade oxide ore is mined open-pit, beneficiated by washing and gravity, and smelted to ferromanganese and silicomanganese for steelmaking, which takes about nine tenths of it. Battery-grade manganese sulfate and electrolytic manganese are made by acid leaching and electrolysis.
categories
#Metal#Transition Metal
Referenced by
machine
mine
skill
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